殷墟王陵区大墓被盗年代的讨论

The Dates of Tomb Robbery of Shang Dynasty Royal Tombs at Yinxu

殷墟王陵区大墓早期被盗的时间应是西周早期。M1002和M1004等墓葬出土的西周遗物时代应为西周中期,是后期混入的。大墓之上的小墓和灰坑年代应为西周时期,仅分布在大墓周围或大墓之上,它们均与早期盗坑无直接打破关系,不能作为证明早期盗坑不早于西周中期的证据。这些小墓和灰坑打破灰土或灰黄土而非夯土,时代应晚于早期盗坑或同时。大墓上的墓葬和灰坑多数没有规则的形状和边缘,总体特征与西周时期殷遗民墓葬差别较大,可能是周人在盗掘之后对王陵的进一步破坏。

The Yinxu imperial mausoleums should be robbed in the early Western Zhou dynasty for the excavations of the mid-Western Zhou dynasty in M1002 and M1004 should be mixed in the mausoleums after the first robbery. Although the small tombs and pits on or around the large tombs can be dated to the Western Zhou dynasty, they cannot proved that the early robber’s pits were no earlier than the midWestern Zhou dynasty for there are no direct relationships between them. These tombs and pits broke through the grey and grey-yellow earth but not contacted with the rammed earth, so they might appear later than or at the same time with the early robbing pits. Moreover, there are no regular shapes and edges in these tombs and pits and their general characteristics are quite different from the tombs of adherents of the Shang dynasty because of the further damage in Zhou dynasty after being robbed.