清末民国时期徽州孀妇改嫁现象浅析——以中国人民大学博物馆藏徽州文书为例

A Preliminary Study of the Remarrying of Huizhou Widows During the Period from the Late Qing to the Early Republic of China: In the Example of the Huizhou Documents Collected at the RUC Museum

近年来,随着徽州文书等存世档案文献的不断发现,其研究视角也在不断拓展。在关于徽州妇女的研究中,通常认为在程朱理学影响下,徽州地位妇女节烈成风,并贯彻于日常生活、思想观念、行为操守等各方面。本文选取徽州孀妇再嫁现象为研究视角,从中国人民大学馆藏徽州文书中选取清末民国时期的相关文书并进行阐释,认为孀妇再嫁在徽州民间尤其是下层民众中是较为普遍的现象,但是再嫁行为需遵循一定规范。这些文书对于探讨社会变革时期婚姻制度、女性地位乃至社会、家庭运行模式变化有重要价值。

In recently years,the research perspective of Huizhou culture has been broadened as more and more documents are discovered.The common knowledge of Huizhou women is that the morality of keeping chaste instructed their daily lives,thoughts and behaviors as was influenced by Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism.This article studies through the Huizhou documents of the period from the late Qing dynasty to the early Republic of China collected at the Museum of Renmin University of China(RUC)concentrating on the remarrying of Huizhou widows.The current authors points out that widows’remarrying was a common phenomenon among Huizhou public especially lower-class people,while the remarrying should follow certain regulations.Those documents are of great importance for the research of marriage system,women’s social status and family pattern during that period.