留守状况对隔代教养留守儿童心理健康的影响:祖父母心理健康的中介作用（英文）

Impact of Left Behind Status on Mental Health of Grand-parenting Left-behind Children in Rural China: Mental Health of Grandparent as Mediator

目的:本研究旨在检验留守状况对留守儿童心理健康的影响,以及作为儿童实际照顾者的祖父母的心理健康水平在这一过程中的中介效应。方法:在中国西北农村选取1069名年龄介于6-17岁由祖父母抚养的留守儿童,对留守儿童的心理健康(不安倾向),儿童祖父母的抑郁、焦虑和生活满意度等方面进行测量;同时收集外出务工父母"回家频率"和"与家庭联系频率"作为儿童留守状况的指标。结果:(1)留守儿童心理健康状况得分与其留守状况、其祖父母消极情绪均显著正相关(r=0.10&0.43, Ps<0.01),与其祖父母的生活满意度显著负相关(r=-0.24, P<0.001);(2)结构方程模型显示,留守状况对留守儿童祖父母的心理健康具有消极影响,然而留守状况并不能直接预测留守儿童的心理健康水平(χ~2/df=150.01/56=2.68, CFI=0.97, TLI=0.96, RMSEA=0.04, SRMR=0.03);(3)中介分析表明,留守状况通过祖父母的心理状态,尤其是消极情绪,间接影响留守儿童的心理健康。结论:留守状况通过影响儿童祖辈抚养者的心理健康进而对留守儿童心理健康产生影响。

Objective:This study was designed to evaluate the effects of left behind status on mental health of left behind children parented by grandparents,and the mediation effects of grandparents’mental health in this relationship.Methods:In this study,1069 left-behind children(aged 6-17)from grand-parenting families were selected in northwest rural China,mental health(restless tendency)of the children,anxiety,depression and life satisfaction of their grandparentswere measured.Meanwhile,the frequencies of parents going back home and contacting with families in the past year wereused to indicate the left-behind status.Results:A positive relation was found between left-behind status and mentalhealth of left-behind children(r=0.10,P<0.01),meanwhile left-behind children’s mental health was positively correlated tothe negative emotion of their grandparents(r=0.43,P<0.001);but was negatively related to the life-satisfaction of theirgrandparents(r=-0.24,P<0.001).Structural equation model analysis showed that,the effect of left behind status on mentalhealth of left-behind children was mediated by mental health of grandparents,especially negative emotion(χ~2/df=150.01/56=2.68,CFI=0.97,TLI=0.96,RMSEA=0.04,SRMR=0.03).Conclusion:The results indicated that being left behind washarmful to the mental health of left-behind children via mental status of their caregivers.