从澳大利亚“与强国结盟”的世纪策略辨析澳对华政策的嬗变

Analysis on Australian China Policy in the Context of Australia's Century-long Strategy of Allying with Great Powers

自上世纪初立国以来,澳大利亚一直奉行与世界强国结盟的策略以图存图强,并在全球权力等级体系中构筑"中等强国"的地位。中国等新兴国家的群体性崛起对全球和次全球(区域)权力体系的演变产生了重大影响,也迫使澳不得不在全球力量发生重大转换的时代大背景下,对其长期奉行的与美、英结盟的政策作出调整。与此同时,全球化和经济一体化推动了包括中国和澳大利亚在内的世界各国的经济融合与依存。这种在"复合依存"架构下日益增强的经济融合和多领域的合作促使澳不得不改变对其第一大贸易伙伴中国的政策,强化澳中关系,并下定决心构建澳中全面战略伙伴关系。澳中关系的提升与强化不仅有利于推动双边贸易和经济合作的进一步扩大,而且也有利于双方构筑政治和战略互信,夯实在亚太地区地缘政治合作的基础。更重要的是,澳籍此强化了与中国的政治与战略关系,这对于确保澳在未来任何变化的全球体系中继续保持"中等强国"地位和经济的持久繁荣具有重要的意义。

Since its founding in the early 20 th century, Australia has been consistently pursuing the strategy of allying with a superpower in order to survive and grow strong, as well as to seek for a 'middle power' status in the global power hierarchy. However, the collective rise of China and other emerging countries has profoundly impacted the evolution of power hierarchy at systemic and sub-systemic level, and compelled Australia to adjust its long-term strategy of aligning with a superpower. At the same time, globalization and economic integration have prompted economic interdependence among nations, China and Australia included. The increasing economic integration and multisectoral cooperation in the context of complex interdependence have contributed to Australia's changed China policy and eventually led to a comprehensive strategic partnership between these two states. This partnership not only facilitates the expansion of bilateral trade and economic cooperation, but also helps political and strategic trust-building, laying the groundwork for China-Australia geopolitical cooperation particularly in the Asia-Pacific region. More importantly, Australia takes advantage of this partnership to intensify its political and strategic relations with China. This will display its importance for Australia to maintain its 'middle power' status in any future global power system.