“命运共同体”概念辨析

Research on Conception of Community of Destiny

"命运共同体"是以习近平为总书记的新一届中央领导集体特别强调的核心外交概念之一。对"命运共同体"的研究,要厘清概念、加深认知,敢于及时发现和指出现实外交工作中的不足,方能加强"命运共同体"概念对外交实践的针对性,更好服务于中国的整体外交工作。我国官方和学术界提出了多种类别的"命运共同体",但对于命运共同体的研究还存在诸如缺乏实然研究、同义反复、只重自我宣传、不重对方接受、概念随意性大、含义重叠等问题。有鉴于此,本文认为,"命运共同体"是指以政治合作+安全支持为基本特征的双边或多边合作安排,其主要特征是命运共同体成员之间的政治合作程度不低于与域外国家的水平;共同体成员之间相互提供安全支持或安全保护;共同体成员之间以和平方式解决各类冲突。"命运共同体"建设是一个长期的过程。中国在推动"命运共同体"建设过程中,应注重外交可操作性,精心选择对象,按照构建困难程度从小到大排列的顺序应该是:双边命运共同体、周边命运共同体、亚洲命运共同体、人类命运共同体。

The Community of Destiny is one of the core diplomatic concepts particularly emphasized by President Xi Jinping as general secretary of the central leadership of CPC. Chinese officials and scholars have already put forward an array of different approaches of the 'community of destiny'. As to practical research, promotion strategy, essential content and terminological accuracy, there still remains more work. The paper argues that the 'community of destiny' refers to political cooperation and security support in both bilateral and multilateral arrangement, and features three characteristics: cooperation between destiny community members is closer; between member countries of the community they should provide security support or safety protection to each other; and their conflicts should be solved peacefully. For China, the construction of destiny community is a long-term mission, and it demands that more attention should be paid to diplomatic maneuverability and careful inclusion of countries.Accordingly, the probability of its construction should be concerned with bilateral fate community to peripheral fate community to continental community to the community of humankind.