海口市黎族老年人慢性病危险因素及对策

The risk factors of the common chronic diseases in the Li nationality elderly people in Haikou city

目的探讨海口市黎族老年人高血压、糖尿病和脑卒中等慢性病危险因素及对策。方法采用整群抽样方法抽取海口市2个社区60周岁及以上的396名黎族老年居民为研究对象,通过问卷调查和体格检查收集资料,分析黎族老年居民常见慢性疾病的患病情况及其危险因素。结果体检发现,258名(65.16%)黎族老年居民患有慢性病。单因素分析显示,文化程度、离退休前职业、家庭人均月收入、吸烟、作息时间规律、肥胖和健身运动情况不同,其慢性病患病率也不同(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析发现,吸烟、肥胖、离退休前职业、作息时间规律、健身运动情况对黎族老年居民慢性病的影响有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论海口市黎族老年居民慢性病患病率与危险因素均处于较高水平,应倡导健康生活方式,提高健康素养,逐步改变不健康的生活习惯,加强体育锻炼。

Objective To understand the common chronic diseases of Li nationality elderly , such as hypertension , diabetes and stroke prevalence in Hainan province ,and analyze the chronic disease risk factors .Methods 396 Li nationality elderly residents were as the research object by cluster sampling in Haikou City ,the data were collected through questionnaire survey and physical examination ,the preva-lenceofcommonchronicdiseasesofLinationalityelderlyresidentswereanalyzed.Results 258Linationalityelderlyresidents(65.16%) suffered from chronic disease .There were correlation between prevalence rate of chronic diseases and different cultural level ,occupation before retired,per capita income,family smoking,regular work and rest time,obesity and exercise situation(all P<0.05)by single factor analysis;multiple Logistic regression analysis found that smoking ,obesity,influence of retired before the occupation ,regular work and rest time ,exercise on chronic disease of Li nationality elderly residents of the difference were statistical influence factors (all P<0.01).Conclusions The prev-alence and risk factors of chronic disease of Li nationality elderly residents are at a high level .The healthy lifestyle should be advocated to im-prove the health literacy ,and gradually change the unhealthy living habits ,strengthen physical exercise .