2005年与2012年中山大学附属第三医院心内科住院患者血脂水平调查比较

Comparison of plasma lipid levels of inpatients of cardiovascular department in the third affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen University in 2005 and 2012

目的比较2005年和2012年心内科住院患者的血脂水平,为血脂异常的防治提供依据。方法采用横断面研究,回顾性查阅2005年和2012年中山大学附属第三医院心内科住院患者1 647例的病历,收集患者的一般情况、血脂水平、疾病诊断等资料。将患者按年龄分为4组(分别为≤44岁、45~59岁、60~74岁、≥75岁),按患病情况分为3组(分别为单纯高血压病组、冠心病及其等危症组、其他心血管病组),用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计学分析比较。结果与2005年比较,2012年住院患者的血脂异常检出率、高胆固醇(TC)血症、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)血症检出率均明显降低(均P<0.001)。两年的低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)检出率均为45%。2005年女性患者的TC、LDL-C水平高于男性(P<0.001,P=0.020),2012年女性患者的TC、LDL-C、HDL-C水平高于男性(P<0.01)。2005年和2012年44岁以下患者TC、LDL-C水平最低,45~59岁组的TG水平高于其他3组。2005年单纯高血压组TG水平高于冠心病及其等危症组(P<0.05),2012年单纯高血压病组的TC、HDL-C、LDL-C水平高于冠心病及其等危症组(P<0.05)。结论与2005年比较,2012年心内科住院患者的血脂水平趋于优化,但患者血脂异常检出率仍较高,女性患者血脂水平高于男性患者,单纯高血压患者血脂水平高于其他心血管病患病人群,作为心血管病的高危因素之一,血脂异常的防控仍然是慢性病管治的一个重要环节。

Objective To compare the plasma lipid levels of inpatients of Department of Cardiovascular in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University(SYSU) in 2005 and 2012, and to provide further evidences for prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia in patients with cardiovascular disease. Methods 1 647 patients admitted in 2005 and 2012 were recruited in this cross-sectional retrospective study. Data including general information, lipid levels, diagnosis of these patients were obtained. The patients were divided into four groups by age(≤44, 45-59, 60-74, and ≥75 years old) or three groups by diagnoses(uncomplicated hypertension group, coronary artery disease or its equivalent group, other cardiovascular diseases group). The data were analyzed by SPSS 13.0. Results The ratios of inpatients with dyslipidemia, hypercholesterolemia and high low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C) levels in 2012 were decreased compared with those in 2005(P<0.001). The ratios of patients with low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C) levels in these two years were both 45%. Compared with male patients, female patients showed higher total cholesterol(TC) and LDL-C levels in 2005(P<0.001, P=0.02, respectively), and higher TC, LDL-C, HDL-C levels in 2012(all P<0.01). Patients less than 44 years old showed the lowest levels of TC, LDL-C, while patients in 45-59 years old group showed highest levels of TG compared to other 3 groups(all P<0.05), both in 2005 and 2012. Patients with uncomplicated hypertension showed significantly higher TG levels in 2005 and higher TC, HDL-C, LDL-C levels in 2012 compared with patients with CAD and its equivalent(P<0.05). Conclusions This study shows significant lower ratios of inpatients with dyslipidemia in Department of Cardiovascular in 2012 compared with 2005. However the ratios are still high, especially in female group and uncomplicated hypertension group. As one of the risk factors for hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia remains important issues in chronic diseases management.