南充市居民中老年人2型糖尿病患病率调查及危险因素分析

Prevalence survey and risk factors analysis of type 2 diabetes among middle-aged and elderly people in Nanchong city

目的了解南充市社区45岁及以上中老年人群中2型糖尿病的患病率及危险因素,为评估本地区的糖尿病现状和制定防治措施提供科学依据。方法在南充市顺庆区8个街道办事处,以户为单位,采用整群抽样的方法,对45岁及以上的居民进行横断面调查,调查内容包括问卷调查、体格检查及实验室检查,并用多因素非条件Logistic回归模型分析南充市社区居民2型糖尿病的相关危险因素。结果共调查33 865人,发现2型糖尿病5 279人,2型糖尿病患病率为15.6%,男性患病率为18.1%、女性患病率为14.2%,男女患病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=87.693,P=0.000)。多因素非条件Logistic回归模型分析显示,2型糖尿病发生的主要危险因素有男性(OR=1.113)、年龄(OR=1.034)、体质量指数(OR=1.013)、腰围(OR=1.015)、糖尿病家族史(OR=3.359)、高血压史(OR=1.313)、收缩压(OR=1.010)、舒张压(OR=0.985)、杂粮摄入量少(OR=1.241)、鲜奶摄入量少(OR=1.223)、薯类摄入量少(OR=0.684)、水产品摄入量少(OR=1.145)、水果摄入量少(OR=0.680)、高甘油三酯(OR=1.222)、高胆固醇(OR=1.086)及低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(OR=0.422)。结论南充市社区居民2型糖尿病患病率高,针对糖尿病的危险因素,加强健康教育,倡导健康的生活方式,提倡合理的膳食结构是预防和控制糖尿病的重要措施。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and its related risk factors of type 2 diabetes in a population aged 45 and older in Shunqing district of Nanchong city, to provide scientific evidence for the diabetes intervention. Methods A cross-sectional study was used among the community residents with aged 45 and older who were randomly selected through cluster sampling from the eight subdistrict office of Shunqing district in Nanchong city, each of the participants had questionnaire survey, physical examination and laboratory tests. Multivariate Logistic regression was applied to analyze the relationship between the risk factors and type 2 diabetes. Results 33 865 residents were included in the study, the prevalence of the type 2 diabetes was 15.6%, there was significant difference of the prevalence between male(18.1%) and female(14.2%)(χ2=87.693, P=0.000). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed the risk factors were correlated with type 2 diabetes among the residents aged 45 and older in Shunqing district of Nanchong, including male(OR=1.113), age(OR=1.034), body mass index(OR=1.013), waistline(OR=1.015), family history(OR=3.359), hypertension history(OR=1.313), SBP(OR=1.010), DBP(OR=0.985), low coarse grains intake(OR=1.241), low fresh milk intake(OR=1.223), low sweet potato intake(OR=0.684), low aquatic products intake(OR=1.145), low fruits intake(OR=0.680), hypertriglyceridemia(OR=1.222), hypercholesterolemia(OR=1.086) and low-HDL-C(OR=0.422). Conclusions The prevalence of type 2 diabetes was higher among the residents in Nanchong city. According to the risk factors for type 2 diabetes, advocating a healthy lifestyle and promoting a reasonable diet structure were of importance to prevent and control type 2 diabetes.