支气管哮喘小气道病变的研究进展

Research progress of small airways disease of asthma

支气管哮喘简称哮喘,是一种慢性变态反应性的炎症性疾病,它是由嗜酸粒细胞、中性粒细胞、肥大细胞等多种细胞和细胞组分共同参与;小气道功能障碍在哮喘患者是非常普遍的,明确小气道功能异常对在临床上诊断和治疗哮喘有很大的影响。目前临床上有很多种方法来评估小气道功能,不同的评估方法具有不同的特点,小气道疾病甚至在没有近端气道阻塞的证据条件下来评估哮喘患者的严重程度。鉴于小气道疾病的临床影响,在哮喘患者管理中不应该低估或忽视存在小气道病变。本文就评估支气管哮喘小气道病变的方法做出综述。

Bronchial asthma(asthma), is referred to as an inflammatory disease of chronic allergic, which it is caused by a variety of eosinophils, neutrophils, mast cells and cellular components. Small airway disease is very prevalent in asthma. The small airway dysfunction in clinical diagnosis and treatment of asthma has a great influence. At present, there are several methods of assessment being used for clinic, different evaluation methods have different characteristics, disease was present across all asthma severities, with evidence of small airway disease even no presence proximal airway obstruction. Given the clinical effects of small airways disease, we should not underestimate or overlook small airway disease in patients with asthma management. This article reviewed the methods of evaluating small airway disease in bronchial asthma.