湖南省山苍子6个天然居群果皮精油成分分析

Analysis of Essential Oil in Pericarp from 6 Wild Listea Cubeba Populations in Hunan Province

开展湖南省不同山苍子种质资源果皮精油成分分析与评价,对于筛选与培育优良精油用山苍子优良单株与品种具有重要意义。实验对湖南省6个山苍子天然居群果皮精油进行提取,采用气质联用色谱法(GC-MS)分析其精油成分,并用峰面积归一法对主要成分进行定量分析。结果表明,不同居群果皮含油率存在差异,株洲白马乡含油率最高(3.35%),且变异系数最小(4.78%);6个居群的山苍子果实精油GC-MS成分各鉴定出27种、20种、21种、19种、19种、23种,分别占总峰面积的99.73%、99.81%、99.80%、99.82%、99.81%、99.73%;所有居群共有成分为9种,各居群分别鉴定出各自独有成分;D-柠檬烯含量为不同山苍子居群果皮精油含量分类的依据,在衡阳市衡阳县、衡阳常宁市、郴州桂东县、岳阳平江县、株洲白马乡这5个居群间进行山苍子D-柠檬烯型优良单株或品种选育的潜力较大。因此,在精油用山苍子选育及种质资源评价方面,要综合考虑不同生态型遗传因素的影响。

Analyzing and evaluating essential oil in Listea cubeba pericarp from 6 wild populations in Hunan province are of great significance for screening and breeding fine individual plants and varieties of litsea cubeba for essential oil.The essential oil contents in pericarp have been determined by steam distillation and the compositions by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)and quantified by peak area normalization method.The results indicated that oil contents were significantly variated according to populations,and Zhuzhou Baima population had the highest oil content(3.35%)and the lowest variation coefficient(4.78%).The components of the oil in 6 populations determined by GC-MS were 27,20,21,19,19 and 23 respectively,accounting for 99.73%,99.81%,99.80%,99.82%,99.81%and 99.73%of the total peak area accordingly.All populations shared 9 common components,and some population contained special ones.Apart from that,D-Limonene content acted as the key basis for classification of the different populations,and the improved single plant and cultivar rich in D-Limonene could be selected and bred from 5 wild populations including Hengyang Hengyang,Hengyang Changning,Chenzhou Guidong,Yueyang Pingjiang,Zhuzhou Baima.Hence,the gene factors among different ecotypes should be considered comprehensively in terms of selecting,breeding and evaluating germplasm for essential oil Listea cubeba.