北京地区2017年家蝇种群对6种常用杀虫剂的抗药性调查

An investigation of the resistance of Musca domestica to six commonly used insecticides in Beijing, China, in 2017

目的了解2017年北京地区家蝇种群对6种常用杀虫剂的抗药性现状,为合理用药提供科学依据。方法家蝇野外种群于2017年8-10月在北京市6个区(东城、西城、朝阳、海淀、大兴、通州区)采用捕虫网或诱蝇笼进行抽样采集,用微量点滴法测定家蝇对敌敌畏、毒死蜱、高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、高效氯氟氰菊酯和残杀威6种杀虫剂的抗药性。用POLO Plus软件(version 2.0)对数据进行统计,计算半数致死量(LD50)、斜率及95%可信区间。结果北京市东城、西城、朝阳、海淀、大兴、通州6个区的家蝇种群对敌敌畏、毒死蜱、高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、高效氯氟氰菊酯和残杀威6种常用杀虫剂均产生了不同程度的抗性,抗性程度由高到低依次为残杀威(>500倍)、高效氯氰菊酯(42.80～260.01倍)、溴氰菊酯(14.53～52.15倍)、敌敌畏(15.22～31.95倍)、高效氯氟氰菊酯(11.83～31.48倍)和毒死蜱(2.59～6.38倍)。结论北京地区家蝇对6种常用杀虫剂均产生了抗药性,建议暂停使用残杀威和高效氯氰菊酯,其他药剂应根据监测结果科学、合理使用,防止家蝇抗性的持续上升。

Objective To investigate the resistance of Musca domestica to 6 commonly used insecticides in Beijing, China,in 2017, and to provide a scientific basis for rational use of insecticides. Methods Using sweep net or fly trap, the field population of M. domestica was sampled from 6 urban districts in Beijing(Dongcheng, Xicheng, Chaoyang,Haidian,Daxing, and Tongzhou) from August to October, 2017. The micro-drip method was used to determine the resistance of M. domestica to 6 commonly used insecticides, i.e., DDVP, chlorpyrifos, beta-cypermethrin, deltamethrin, lambdacyhalothrin, and propoxur. Bioassay data were pooled, and probit analysis was conducted with POLO-Plus 2.0 software(LeOra Software Inc., Berkeley, CA) to calculate median lethal dose, slope, and their 95% confidence intervals. Results Varying degrees of resistance level of M. domestica to DDVP, chlorpyrifos, beta-cypermethrin, deltamethrin, lambdacyhalothrin, and propoxur were observed in the 6 urban districts of Beijing(Dongcheng, Xicheng, Chaoyang, Haidian,Daxing, and Tongzhou). The order of insecticide resistance level, from high to low, was propoxur(>500), beta-cypermethrin(42.80-260.01), deltamethrin(14.53-52.15), DDVP(15.22-31.95), lambda-cyhalothrin(11.83-31.48), and chlorpyrifos(2.59-6.38). Conclusion Musca domestica in Beijing has developed resistance to 6 commonly used insecticides,especially to propoxur and beta-cypermethrin, which we suggest should be suspended. In order to prevent the increasing insecticide resistance of M. domestica, the remaining insecticides should be used rationally according to the results of insecticide resistance surveillance.