海上保险的保险利益辨析

Analysis on Insurable Interest of Marine Insurance

保险利益是存在于被保险人与保险标的物之间、不为法律所禁止且不违背公序良俗的经济利益关系,其具有补偿损失、防止赌博、预防道德风险的发生、限制损害赔偿程度等功能,是否具有保险利益也关系到保险合同是否有效的问题。海上货物运输保险相比较一般财产保险或人身保险而言又有其特殊性,其主要差别体现在保险利益的时间效力上。目前世界上通行的做法是:投保人在订立海上保险合同时,对保险标的可以不具有保险利益;但在保险事故发生时,被保险人对保险标的必须具有保险利益。

Insurable interest is a kind of relationships of economic interest between the insured and the subject matter of insurance,neither prohibited by law nor infringing public interests and orders.It can compensate for loss,prevent from gambling,avert the occurrence of immoral risks and circumscribe the extent of indemnity.The validity of insurance contract also lies in the existence of insurable interest.The marine insurance is somewhat different from both property insurance and life insurance.This article attempts to define the insurable interest and examines the time validity of insurable interest of marine insurance of goods transportation.