历史的传承:中国古代调处制度——兼与现代调解制度比较

The Historical Preservation:Mediation System in Ancient China——Comparing with Modern Mediation System

调解制度在我国古代被称为"调处"、"和对"。古代调处制度历史悠久,最远可追溯至西周时期。由于调处制度能带来良好的社会效果,历代统治者均十分重视这一制度,古代调处制度在各朝代均有不同程度的发展。调处制度主要有三种方式:民间调处、官府调处和官批民调。调处制度历经数千年而不衰,自然有其长期存在的基础,包括思想、经济、社会、政治等。调处制度作为历史的传承在一定程度上影响了现代调解制度,然而两者亦有许多不同之处,例如司法理念、强制性、过程、依据和影响。调处制度合理有益的内核值得我们学习与借鉴。

Mediation was called tiaochu or hedui in ancient China. Ancient mediation system has a long history, dating from Xizhou period. Because of its excellent social effect, governors of dynasties thought much of the system and it developed to deferent extents in dynasties. Ancient mediation includes three models: society mediation, government mediation and government granting society mediation. Mediation with such a long history thrived, that there were certainly bases, including ideal, economy, society, politics basses. Ancient mediation as a historical preservation also affected modern mediation. However, there are many differences between them, such as legal ideas, enforcements, courses, foundations and affects. Valuable contents of ancient mediation are worth us learning.