中国商业登记制度的历史追溯

The History of Commerce Registering System in China

商业登记是一项存在已久的商业制度,在没有专门法律规定之前就已经有萌芽。这项制度对于国家对商业的管理、商人资格的确认、税收都有很大意义。在行会出现后,在所规定的内部规章制度中可以发现,在民间商业自治中体现出了商业登记制度的法律价值和实质意义。遗憾的是中国在近代编纂商法时,单一的借鉴西方的商业登记制度,而没有从中国本身已经存在的制度中发现,浪费本土的法律资源。从中国以往的典章制度以及民间的商事习惯中是可以寻找、分析商业登记制度在中国的渊源。

Commercial registration, which has emerged before the specialized laws, is a long-existing commercial system. This system is significant to the country’s administration on commerce, confirmation on merchants’ qualifications and tax revenue. After the emergence of profession associations, it was found from the internal regulations that civil commercial autonomy manifested the legal value and essential meaning of the Commercial Registration System. It was a pity that, the compilation of Commercial Law in modern China only modeled the western countries’ commercial registration system rather than seeking from its own existing system. This was a great waste of China’s native legal resources. The origin of commercial registration system in China can be found and analyzed in China’s former decrees, regulations and civil commercial customs.