票贩子现象的原因和治理──基于警察与小偷博弈模型

Study on the Reason and Government of the Ticket Shark ──Based on Game Theory between the Police and the thief

票贩子的出现让原本稀缺的火车票资源更为稀缺,这不仅损害了广大消费者的利益,也不利于社会的稳定,与建设和谐社会的宗旨相矛盾。本文共分为三部分,第一部分提出了博弈论方法研究的理论基础;第二部分列出了警察与票贩子的博弈矩阵,分别用纯策略纳什均衡与混合策略纳什均衡的方法对票贩子与警察的博弈进行分析,得出了加大对警察的惩罚力度才能防范票贩子现象的结论;第三部分根据得出的结论提出了一些对策,指出对铁路客运进行改革才是治本的方法。

The emergence of ticket shark makes the scare ticket market sparser. The phenomenon which contrasts with the object of constructing the harmonious society not only damages the benefits of consumers, but also threatens the stability of the society. Based on game theory, this paper analyzes the problem on selling train tickets illegally and it is divided com- pletely into three parts. The first part is to put forward the basis of method research on game theory. The second part is to list the game matrix between the police and the ticket shark, using the method of pure strategy of Nash equilibrium and hybrid strategy of Nash equilibrium to analyze the game of the police and ticket shark; and the conclusion is that the only way to put an end to the problem of ticket shark is to increase the cost of punishment. The third part is to suggest some plans according to the above conclusion, and point out that the fundamental method which is to carry on the reform of railway transportation.