论历史唯物主义视野下的犯罪本质——“社会关系说”与“法益侵害说”的比较分析

Research on the Nature of Crime on the Vision of Historical Materialism——Comparative Analysis on“The doctrine of Invading Social relations”and the Doctrine of“Invading Benefits of Law”

对于犯罪本质问题,传统的"社会关系说"一直受到很大的争议,特别是近年来"法益说"异军突起,极大地撼动了通说的地位。站在唯物史观的立场看,犯罪本质和社会关系具有深层同一性,以"社会关系"概括犯罪本质,比脱离社会生产方式的法益侵害说更具有涵盖性。由于中国刑法的体系性特征,社会关系说缺乏操作性的缺陷不影响其合理性,但需要完善直接客体理论才能发挥实际作用。

In the issue of the nature of crime,mere have been fierce controversies on"the doctrine of social relations". Especially when the"doctrine of benefits of law"rising in the recent years,the mainstream theory has been greatly impacted. Adhering to the position of historical materialism,there is deep relationship between the nature of crime and social relations. To sum up the nature of crime,"social relation"is better than"the benefit of law"which separate from the social production .Because of the characters of Chinese criminal law,"the doctrine of social relations"lacks of impractical but it does not impair its rationality.However,the direct object of crime need further perfect so that to play actual function of the nature of crime.