论中国古代绅士与现代“准绅士”

Research on the Ancient Chinese Gentry and Today’s“quasi-gentry”

中国古代的绅士是指当时没有实际官职,但基于功名、学品、学衔、官职、爵位等特定的身份而享有法定的政治、经济等特权的阶层。绅士是中国君主政体和乡村秩序的主要维持力量。在清末民初,广大的绅士分化瓦解,导致了帝制垮台和乡村堕落。在今天,人大代表、政协委员、"公共知识分子"这些"准绅士"都生活在城市,而"大学生村官"这一"准绅士"也无法在农村长久生存下去。

Gentry is a class of people, who do not have the actual office, but entitled to statutory political, economic and other privileges, based on the imperial examination results, official and title, such as a specific identity. Gentry Class is a major force keeping the maintenance of China’s monarchy and rural order. In the late Qing and early Republican era, the division and disintegration of the Gentry Class, leaded to the collapse of the monarchy and rural degeneration. Today, the"Quasi-Gentry"including NPC deputies, CPPCC members and"public intellectuals"live in the city, and"University Student Village Officer", another"Quasi-Gentry", can not stay long in the rural areas.