两汉三老制度研究

Research on Sanlao System in Han Dynasty

两汉三老制度上承三代之"三老五更",三老具有官民的双重性,不仅在乡间有崇高的声望和地位,受到民众的尊重和推崇,而且在朝廷也受到特殊的礼遇,连皇帝也承认三老的特殊地方身份。三老在乡间掌教化,调解诉讼,维持治安,在朝廷,向皇帝上书言事,反映地方官员政绩。两汉三老的设计对维护乡村基层社会的稳定起着重要的作用,在国家政权和地方社会之间起着特殊的沟通作用。

Sanlao system is prosperous in Han Dynasty,inherits from"Sanlao and Wugeng"which formatted in Xia,Shang and Zhou Dynasty.Sanlao has ambiguity of officials and commons,not only has lofty prestige and status in village and receives populace’s respect and esteem,but also receives the special courteous reception from the central government.,even the Emperor acknowledges the special role of Sanlao in village,Sanlao governs enlightenment,mediates lawsuit,keeps the local public security.Meanwhile,Sanlao submits statement about the national affairs and magistrate’s achievements to the Emperor.The Han Dynasty designs Sanlao system to maintain the village’s social stability.Sanlao plays a vital role between central authorities and local society.