生产者、建造者回购责任研究

On the Repurchase Obligation of the Producers or Builders

无论是产品还是建筑物,生产者、建造者作为其流转的源头,都对其有一般的质量保证义务,应当直接承担质量责任,而合同责任具有相对性无法直接追及,侵权责任需要有损害结果并受归责原则的限制,生产者、建造者回购责任的构建能够弥补两者的缺陷,直接赋予行为人以质量责任。公法上,在行政法中执行的强制召回制度,为政府解决了大规模侵权等社会问题,在私法层面,则体现为侵权法上的生产者、建造者回购责任,为公民主张个别侵权责任提供制度上的便利。

If a substandard product causes purpose of the contract unable to be achieved,and at the same time product defects are threatening personal and property safety,product Contractual Liability and product Infringement Liability will coexist;If the main structure of the building is unqualified,buyers have the right to terminate the contract and return the house,also,because the defect of the main structure will endanger the personal and property safety,there will be both Contractual Liability and Infringement Liability.Similar situations should be resolved in a similar way.Such cases,the buyer should have the convenience to chose the producer or the seller to claim the right to return the subject matter,from the producers’ point of view,the producers should be obliged to repurchase the subject matter.There is recall system in Administrative Law,which provides the means for the government to solve social problems such as mass tort.In the private level,it reflects the producers,builders repurchase obligation in the tort law,and tort liability provides institutional facilities for citizens to claim right individually.