中国流域水污染防治的困境及其突破

Plight and Breakthrough of Basin Water Pollution Control of China

中国目前流域水污染防治面临着多龙治水、局部改善、整体恶化的困境。其瓶颈主要在于流域内各区域的环境利益与流域整体环境利益、各区域的经济利益与流域整体的环境利益之间的矛盾。要破解矛盾、突破困境,应当设立专门的流域管理机构,实现流域综合管理;树立"环境保护优先"的理念;加强区域政府间的协调合作;引入市场调节机制,建立流域水生态补偿制度。

River Basin Water Pollution Control in China is faced with the dilemma of local improvements,but overall deterioration.The main bottleneck of this dilemma lies in two pairs of contradictions.They are the contradiction between environmental benefits of various regions and that of the whole basin;the contradiction between the economic interests of the regional and that of the whole basin.In order to overcome this dilemma,we should take some measures as follows:set up specialized watershed management organizations;create an integrated watershed management system;accept the concept that environmental protection is preferred;strengthen the coordination and cooperation between the regional governments,bring in market adjustment mechanism,establish watershed ecological compensation system and reform the performance evaluation mechanism.