保险公司故意超额承保的法律规制

The Legal Regulation for Insurance Companies’ Deliberate Excessive Insurance

我国《保险法》第55条关于超额保险的规定是规范被保险人超额投保的,对保险人故意超额承保不具有足够的规范作用。然而实践中往往是保险公司基于其优势地位以及成本收益之考量故意超额承保,这严重损害了被保险人的利益。通过借鉴我国台湾地区以及美国对保险公司故意超额承保规制之经验,我国应当通过法律对保险公司故意超额承保加以规制:一是,通过立法明确规定保险人有查明保险标的之义务及违反义务之法律后果;二是,保监会加强监管,加大对保险公司故意超额承保的惩处力度。通过私法规制、公法干预双管齐下,以期从根本上解决保险公司故意超额承保的问题。

The Article 55 of Insurance Law of the People’s Republic of China formulate the deliberate over insurance.However,insurance companies usually undertake the over closing deliberately in practice,which damages the insured interests seriously.From the relative experience of America and Taiwan,this issue can be improved in two ways.On one hand,Insurance Law should stipulate the insurance companies have the obligation to identify the insured value of the objects of insurance,and the legal liability,on the other hand,the CIRC should tighten oversight,and give an aggravated punishment to the insurance companies’ deliberate excessive insurance.By the regulation of public law and private law,the problem of insurance companies’ deliberate excessive insurance could be solved.