行政法治原则的再审视——基于风险规制的要求

Re-Examination on the Basic Principles of Administrative Law——Based on the Requirement of Risk Regulation

现代社会已经进入"风险时代",各种潜藏的社会风险正在重新塑造着人们的思想观念和行为模式。"风险行政"是继秩序行政、福利行政之后又一新的行政模式,风险行政要求行政机关积极担负起规制风险的责任,从而更好地保护处于风险中的个体。作为"既建构又限制"行政的范畴,行政法在风险社会中面临着诸多挑战。风险规制对行政法的影响和挑战很大程度上能够通过其带给行政法治原则的冲击来说明。作为行政法治精神内核的"合法性"和"合理性"两项原则,已经不能很好地完成"即建构又限制"风险社会中行政的任务。从风险规制的视角来重新审视行政法治原则,有助于我们寻求弥补二者冲突的有效方法。

The modern society has entered a "risk age",a variety of potential social risks are reshaping people’s thinking and behavior patterns."Risk administration"is another new administrative model after the order administration and welfare administration.Risk administration requires administrative organ to actively take on the responsibility of regulation,to better protect at-risk individuals.As the category of both construct and limit,the administrative law faces many challenges.The influence and challenge of risk regulation to administrative law can largely be reflected by the impact of risk regulation to basic principles of administrative law.As the spiritual core of administrative law——"legitimacy"and"reasonableness"two principles,can not well finished the mission to construct and limit administrative tasks in the risk society.From the perspective of risk regulation to re-examine the basic principles of administrative law,it can help us to find an effective way to make up the conflicts between the two sides.