学前教育发展中的政府干预:美国的经验与启示

Government Intervention in the Development of Preschool Education:The Experience and Enlightenment of the United States

学前教育在整个教育体系中处于奠基地位,其发展受多种因素的影响,核心因素是政府的支持和投入。自20世纪以来,美国的学前教育一直处于世界领先地位。在促进学前教育发展的诸因素中,政府的干预至关重要,它保证了各级政府履行学前教育的职责,促进了学前教育的整体发展。本文从政府对学前教育的目标定位、学前教育管理与筹资责任的划分以及学前教育质量保障体系四个方面,总结了美国政府干预学前教育的特点,以期对完善我国学前教育政府支持政策提供有益参考。

Preschool education is in the foundation position of the whole education system,and its development is affected by many factors. The core factor is the government’s support and input. Since the 20 th century,the preschool education in the United States has always been the world leader. Among the factors to promote the development of preschool education,government intervention is essential,for it ensures all levels of government to perform their duties and promotes the overall development of preschool education. This article analyzes the characteristics of government intervention in America from four aspects which are the government’s target of preschool education,the management and financing responsibility division in pre-school education,and the quality guarantee system,in hope that this papcrcan provide some beneficial reference to improve pre-school education support policy in our country.