论曹禺《原野》对奥尼尔《琼斯皇》的接受

On the Acceptance of O’Neal’s the Emperor Jones in Cao Yu’s Wilderness

曹禺在戏剧创作中深受奥尼尔影响,其作品《原野》对奥尼尔的《琼斯皇》进行了借鉴。《原野》继承了《琼斯皇》的悲剧观,以底层人物悲剧为主线,表现人类或时代的悲剧,并对命运背后的神秘力量进行了探索。对于《琼斯皇》中使用的表现主义手法,《原野》也有所借鉴,运用幻觉,意识流般的对白以及声音等手法增强戏剧的表现力。《原野》对《琼斯皇》的人物构建也有所接受。但《原野》对《琼斯皇》的借鉴并非简单模仿,而是结合中国现实进行的再创造,具有极大的现实意义。

Cao Yu is deeply influenced by Eugene O’Neil. One of Cao Yu’s plays Wilderness has taken O’Neil’s play The Emperor Jones for reference. Wilderness draws lesson from the view of tragedy in The Emperor Jones,focuses on the tragedy of lower- class people,expressing greater tragedy of human race or the time,and it also explores the mysterious power behind fate. Wilderness also takes the expressionistic techniques in The Emperor Jones as reference and employs the techniques such as illusion,dialogues like stream of consciousness and sounds to make the play more expressive. Wilderness also learns from The Emperor Jones on character portray. Taking for reference is different from imitating. Cao Yu uses the references and focuses on the reality of that time in China,making Wilderness a play with practical significance.