施米特的宪法理论建构及启示——施米特《宪法学说》简析

The Demonstration of Carl Schmitt’s Constitution Theory and Its Revelation——A Review of Carl Schmitt’s Verfassungslehre

施米特的宪法理论建构以其对政治的理解为基础,通过对宪法的概念及其正当性、宪法的政治要素与法律要素进行阐述得以完成。施米特宪法理论的意义在于重述了存在主义的国家理论,超越了法律实证主义的宪法观念。但也面临着对敌友政治的过度强调和决断论虚无主义的理论危险。于中国宪法学研究而言,施米特的意义在于,通过建构具有普世性的宪法理论进而从知识关怀和方法论层面提供了一种指导。

Carl Schmitt’s constitution theory is based on his understanding of politics and definition of constitution as well as analysis of legitimacy and constitution’s political and legal elements. His theory is a restatement of the nation’s existentialism and has advantages over the legal positivism. But the over- emphasis of partition about friends and enemies and nihilism of resolution are his theory’s shortcomings. For constitution study in China,Schmitt’s theory provides an important guide about knowledge and methodology by proposing a theory that is universal.