瑕疵婚姻登记效力的审判实务分析——以提供虚假材料为例

Judicial Practice Analysis on the Validity of Defective Marriage Registration——Taking the Case of Providing False Evidence as the Example

提供虚假材料的婚姻登记是常见的一类瑕疵登记,对于这一登记瑕疵的婚姻不能随意撤销,对其婚姻效力的考量应更关注婚姻成立生效要件是否具备。对于冒名婚姻,法律婚的当事人因欠缺结婚的合意而婚姻关系不成立,且无补正的可能;事实婚的当事人婚姻关系因欠缺登记这一结婚的特殊成立要件而不成立,但法院应敦促当事人到登记机关补正,婚姻关系从符合结婚实质要件时起算。欺诈婚姻的一方当事人欠缺结婚的真实意思表示,婚姻关系不成立。提供虚假材料的轻微瑕疵,婚姻关系有效,可令当事人到婚姻登记机关进行更正登记。

Marriage registration for providing false materials is a common kind of registration defects,for the marriage registration defect can not be arbitrarily revoked,more attention should be payed to the conditions of the establishment and validity of the marriage. For false registration of marriage,legal marriage relationship is not established because of lacking married consensus of the parties and it is impossible to rectify; factual marriage relationship is not established because of lacking registration of the special elements of the establishment. However,the court should urge the parties to rectify,when marital relations begin from meeting substantive elements of marriage. Fraudulent marriage relationship is not established owing to shorting of the true intention of marriage. For the minor flaw in the false material,the marriage relationship is valid,the parties can go to marriage registration authority to make corrections to the registration.