论拾得遗失物报酬请求权的建立

The Right of Requesting Reward for Finding Lost Property

拾得遗失物报酬请求权虽被列入物权法草案建议稿,却未出现在《物权法》中,设立拾得遗失物报酬请求权具有实践及理论上的必要性和可行性的,其并不违反传统美德,且有利于平衡拾得者权利义务,发扬传统美德,符合国际立法潮流,利于提高遗失物的利用效率。在制度构建上,负有法定保护财产义务或者职务要求的人和在特定法律关系中负有保管义务的当事人不应享有报酬请求权,而报酬额的确定规则拟为遗失物的价值在1000以下的,其报酬为5%;超过1千至1万元部分,依价值的5%;超过1万元的部分,依价值的3%,对不可度量的财产设置某一固定数量的现金,并赋予法官自由裁量权较为合适。最后报酬请求权可通过同时履行抗辩权及保管机关垫付酬金进行救济。

Although the lost right of requesting reward is included in the draft property law draft,it does not appear in the Property Law,setting up the Lost Property compensation claims with practical and theoretical necessity and feasibility,while it does not violate traditional virtues and the balance in favor of the rights finders obligations and carry forward the traditional virtues of the legislation in line with interactional trends,which will help to improve the efficiency of lost things. In the system construction,the protection of property bears legal obligation or duty and obligation of taking care of the requirements of a particular legal relationship parties should not have the right to request payment and to determine the rules of remuneration,and if the value of the lost property proposed for 1000,and his reward is 5%; and when it is more than $ 1000- 10000 yuan,the reward is 5%; when it is more than one million,3% of the value of the property can not be set to a fixed measure of the amount of cash,and discretion is appropriate.