火炬松引种家系的遗传变异及速生稳定性综合评价

Evaluation of the genetic variation and fast-growth stability of loblolly pine family

以国内早期引种的湿地松Pinuselliottii和福建乡土树种马尾松Pinusmassoniana为对照,对从美国种子园引种的21个火炬松Pinustaeda家系及国内早期引种种子园采种的4个火炬松家系进行遗传变异研究.结果表明:火炬松在福建省的总体生长表现优于对照湿地松和福建乡土树种马尾松,树高、胸径、材积等性状在家系间差异显著,且受中等以上遗传力所控制,遗传变异系数多在4 5%以上.火炬松生长性状5年生生长量的家系方差、地点方差和基因型与地点互作方差均达显著水平.通过对生产力指数和回归系数进行二维散点图聚类分析,最终确定25、19、18号家系为速生平均稳定家系,具有广泛的适应性,可在造林区普遍推广;20、17、23、24、22、16号家系为速生不稳定家系,特别适应于优良环境.

Compared with slash pine (Pinus elliottii) introduced early and native masson pine (Pinus massoniana), the research was carried out for 21 loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) family introduced from America and 4 loblolly pine family introduced earlier. The results showed loblolly pine grew the most quickly and most characters between family had significant differences. The heritability was quite high and the genetic variation coefficients were most above 4.5%. The growth quantity of 5 years varied significantly among sites. The effect on family and the mutual effect on gene and environment were also significant, but the mutual variance was small. From the two dimensional scatter plot of regression coefficient and productive index, No 25,19 and 18 family not only grew quickly but also revealed mean stability. They could adapt themselves well to all kinds of habitats and be popularized widely. No 20, 17, 23, 24, 22 and 16 family only grew quickly in fine circumstances.