南方集体林产权制度改革探讨——以湖南为例

On Reforming Property Rights System of Collective Forest in Southern China: A Case Study of Hunan Province

目前南方集体林区普遍存在着林农收入低、林区经济、社会发展迟缓,经济水平相对落后及林业发展艰难的问题。其深层次的原因之一是集体林林地所有权不清晰以及由于林地集体所有而必然带来林地使用权、林木所有权、林地和林木处置权和收益权的残缺。如何根据分权性、自主性、系统性、公平性和公开性原则,将这一缺陷所带来的林业经营的不利因素转化为林业经营的有利因素以及从根本上变更林业产权公有这一单一所有形式是当前我国林业领域亟待研究解决的课题。

At present there are some problems in southern collective forest regions-low income of forest farmers, slow economic and social progress in these areas, relative backward economy and arduous forestry development. One of the deep causes is the indistinctness of the ownership, inevitably accompanying which is the mutilation of right of using forest land, right of owning forest, right of disposing forest and forest land, and right of benefiting from them. According to the principles of decentralization of rights, independency, systematicness, fairness and openness, how to transform the disadvantages accompanying the mutilation into advantages in forestry management and how to fundamentally change the sole form of ownership system-public ownership, are topics in urgent need of research and solution.