城市河道“一河一策”方案编制方法探讨——以北京市清河流域为例

Discussion on the Compilation Method of “One River,One Solution”Scheme for Urban Rivers with Case Study of Qing River Basin in Beijing City

城市河道水文过程受人类活动严重干扰、河道岸线侵占严重加之水环境容量小而脆弱,使得水危机日趋严重。为了维持河道功能永续利用,本文以北京市清河流域为例,在系统分析河流存在突出问题的基础上,围绕水资源、水域岸线管理、水污染、水环境、水生态和执法监管六大内容编制适合当地实际的"一河一策"方案,形成问题、目标、任务、项目及责任4大清单。同时对城市河道落实河长制中可能遇到的共性问题进行凝练总结,提出各部门统筹协调查清问题、切合实际制定目标、量化任务指标、明晰河长任务及构建方案编制支撑体系等解决措施,供北京市及其他地区"一河(湖)一策"方案编制参考,以期为扎实推进河长制、实现江河湖库永续健康发展提供技术支撑。

The hydrological process of urban rivers is seriously disturbed by human activities and the river bank nearby region is seriously explored. Furthermore, the water environment in urban river is fragile, and it makes the water crisis increasingly serious. In order to maintain the health of the urban river systems, a case study is carried out in the Qing River in Beijing City to find out integrated solutions of urban river problems. The systematic analysis of the problems of urban rivers focuses on six major contents such as water resources, waterfront shoreline management, river pollution, river environment, water ecology and law enforcement supervision. The solutions are compiled into a 'One River, One Solution' Plan which is suitable for local conditions, forming a list of 4 major issues such as objectives, tasks, projects and responsibilities. Furthermore, the common problems are summarized during the compiling process for 'One River, One Solution' in urban region and the solutions are proposed for all departments to coordinate each other and to solve problems. The solutions include establishing practical targets, quantifying task indicators, clarifying the tasks of the river chief, and building support systems for the project. The case study is helpful to giving suggestions to promote the River Governor System and to maintain the sustainable development of river systems in urban areas.