河南省生态文明水平时空分异及关联分析

The Special and Temporal Evaluation and Correlation Analysis of Ecological Civilization of Henan Province

为深入了解区域生态文明的水平及其演进特征与影响因素,本研究从生态现状、生态保护、生态经济、生态文化4个方面构建了生态文明评价体系,采用灰色关联模型,评价了河南省2005—2015年生态文明水平。结果表明:(1)2005—2015年,河南省生态文明整体水平在逐渐改善,全省生态文明指数平均值为0.460、年平均增速1.92%,但地区增长较不平衡,水平越高城市的增长速度就越快,反之亦然。(2)2005—2015年,河南省生态文明水平出现两级分化现象、地域差异明显,呈现豫西南高、豫东北低的空间特征。(3)各子系统的生态文明指数依次为:生态现状>生态文化>生态保护>生态经济;生态文明指数(C1)与生态现状(C2)和生态文化(C5)的关联度最高,关联系数分别为0.9454和0.9210,呈显著相关(P<0.05)。(4)影响河南生态文明水平的因素依次为:人均地区生产总值(X25)、人均耕地面积(X6)、人均公园绿地面积(X8)、环境污染治理占GDP的比重(X17)、第三产业占GDP的比重(X18)。

To understand the level of regional ecological civilization and its evolutionary characteristics and influencing factors, we constructed an evaluation system of ecological civilization from four aspects ofecological status, ecological protection, ecological economy and ecological culture. Then, we evaluated theecological civilization level of Henan Province from 2005 to 2015 by grey correlation model. The resultsshowed that:(1) the average value of ecological civilization index was 0.460, and the average annual growthrate was 1.92%;the overall level was gradually improved, but the regional growth was not balanced;thenumber of cities with high-level ecological civilization increased from 2005 to 2015, and the higher the level,the faster the growth rate;(2) there were significant regional differences of ecological civilization in Henan, thespatial characteristics were of higher levels in southwestern Henan and of lower levels in northern Henan;(3)the ecological civilization index of each subsystem was following the order of ecological status> ecologicalculture> ecological protection> ecological economy;the correlation between ecological civilization index(C1),ecological status(C2) and ecological culture(C5) were the highest, and the correlation coefficient was 0.9454 and 0.9210, respectively, with significant correlation(P<0.05);(4) the factors affecting the level of ecologicalcivilization in Henan were per capita regional production(X25), per capita arable land(X6), per capita park green area(X8), the share of environmental pollution treatment in GDP(X17), and the share of the tertiary industry in GDP(X18).