^(60)Co-γ射线诱导豇豆M_2代群体变异分析及突变株筛选

Variation Analysis and Mutant Screening of M_2 Population of Cowpea Induced by ^(60)Co-γ Ray

为获得豇豆诱变材料,用^(60)Co-γ射线诱变豇豆品种‘早生王’和‘詹豇215’的干种子,统计M_2代的育性,并对7个农艺性状变异程度进行相关分析和聚类分析。结果表明,M_2代群体中产生一些白化苗、纤弱苗或无花粉的不育株,正常结实植株的农艺性状变异系数增大,依次为分枝数>结荚数>有效花梗数>初花节位>最大荚长>平均荚长>开花期。其中前三者之间呈极显著正相关;最大荚长与平均荚长,开花期与初花节位呈极显著正相关;开花期与结荚数呈极显著负相关。M_2代均可聚为6个类群,‘早生王’的性状变异株率为27.49%,‘詹豇215’为24.55%,并分别从中筛选出变异株33个和40个。以分枝数、结荚数、有效花梗数为重点考察性状,有利获得变异个体,其中结荚数对丰产型材料筛选具有更重要意义。

To obtain the mutagenic material of cowpea, with‘Zao-sheng-wang’and‘Zhanjiang 215’as tested materials, the dry seeds of the 2 cowpea varieties were radiated with60Co-γ Ray. The fertility of M2 population of cowpea was counted and the variation degrees of 7 agronomic characters were analyzed by correlation analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that there were some albino seedlings, punymaize seedlings and sterile plants of no pollen in the M2 population of cowpea. The coefficient variation of agronomic characters were in sequence of branch numbers> pod numbers> numbers of effective pedicel> firstflowering node> maximum pod length> average pod length> flowering stage, and there was an extremely andsignificantly positive correlation between the former three. Maximum pod length was extremely andsignificantly correlated with the average pod length. The flowering stage had an extremely and significantlypositive correlation with the first flowering node, but an extremely and significantly negative correlation withpod numbers. M2 population of‘Zao-sheng-wang’and‘Zhanjiang 215’could be grouped into six groups, andtheir character variation rate was 27.49% and 24.55%, respectively. 33 and 40 mutants were screened from thefertility of M2 population of the 2 cowpea varieties. The branch number, pod numbers, numbers of effective pedicel are the key traits and could benefit the obtaining of variation individuals, and pod numbers are more important to screening high yield materials.