甜菜褐斑病化学防治喷洒次数研究

Chemical Control Times of Sugar Beet Cercospora Leaf Spot

甜菜褐斑病对甜菜的产质量影响很大,喷洒杀菌剂是防治甜菜褐斑病的重要手段。为有效防治甜菜褐斑病,确定喷洒杀菌剂次数,2015—2016年,采用4次喷药、3次喷药、2次喷药、1次喷药、清水对照5个处理、4次重复、随机区组排列方法进行田间试验。调查防治效果、块根产量、含糖率、产糖量4个指标,确定最佳防治喷洒次数。2年的试验结果表明:各处理间防治效果差异显著;各处理间块根产量差异不显著;各处理间含糖率差异2015年显著、2016不显著;各处理间产糖量差异2015年显著、2016年不显著。试验结果的总体趋势是随着喷药次数的增加,防治效果、块根产量、含糖率、产糖量也随之增高。以4次喷药处理的各项指标最高,亦即4次喷药防治甜菜褐斑病效果最好。平均2年4次喷药的防治效果、块根产量、含糖率、产糖量分别为70.54%、7.23 kg/m^2、14.91%、1.15 kg/m^2。

Cercospora Leaf Spot(CLS) of sugar beet significantly influences the yield and quality of sugar beet,and spraying fungicide is a key method to prevent sugar beet from CLS. To prevent CLS, from 2015-2016, five treatments(spraying times: 4, 3, 2, 1, and water as control), four repeats, randomized block design were used.The control effects, root yield, sugar rate and sugar content were investigated, and the optimal prevention time was determined. The results of two years’ study showed that the differences among the treatments were significant. However, there was no significant difference of root yield among the treatments. Furthermore, sugarrate of every treatment was significantly different in 2015, but it was not significantly different in 2016, andsugar content ditto. The results exhibited that the control effect, root yield, sugar rate and sugar contentincreased with the increasing of spraying times. All the indexes of 4 spraying times were the highest, and the control effect was the best. Control effect, root yield, sugar rate and sugar content of 4 spraying times in two years were 70.54%, 7.23 kg/m^2, 14.91% and 1.15 kg/m^2.