栽培模式对水稻主要害虫种群发生动态的影响

Effect of Rice Cultivation Modes on the Main Pests Population Dynamics

旨在探明不同栽培模式对水稻主要害虫种群发生和为害的影响,为轻简化栽培模式的推广应用提供理论依据。从2013—2015年,采用田间定位试验,于水稻生长季调查3种栽培模式的主要害虫种群发生量。采用SPSS 21.0数据分析软件对调查数据进行统计分析,并比较各栽培模式间的差异显著性。3种栽培模式对稻飞虱、稻纵卷叶螟种群发生的影响差异不明显。比较3种栽培模式下的水稻螟虫(大螟为主,二化螟较少)发生和为害可知,机械直播田的螟虫前期株为害率较高,且后期仍维持较高的为害率,明显高于人工栽插和机械插秧田(P<0.05)。推广机械直播时,应考虑调整播期,尽可能地避开或减少螟虫为害。

To clarify the effects of different cultivation modes on the main pests population dynamics in rice,and to provide a theoretical basis for light & simplified cultivation modes, from 2013 to 2015, field positioningtests were adopted to investigate the occurrence number of the main pests population with three cultivationmodes in the rice growth season. SPSS 21.0 data analysis software was used to analyze the survey data, and the significant differences among the three cultivation modes were compared. The results showed that, the threecultivation modes had no significant influence on the occurrence of rice planthoppers(Nilaparvata lugens and Sogatella furcifera) and rice leaf roller(Cnaphalocrocis medinalis). By comparing the occurrence and damage ofrice stem borers(Sesamia inferens was dominating and Chilo suppressalis was rare), the damage rate of rice stemborers in the field of mechanical direct sowing was relatively high, and remained high at the later stage, whichwas obviously higher than that of artificial transplanting and machine transplanting(P<0.05). It suggested that when popularizing mechanical direct sowing, we should adjust the sowing time reasonably to avoid the damage of rice stem borers.