种植密度对渭北旱作区小麦群体性状和产量的影响

Planting Density Affects Population Traits and Yield of Wheat in Weibei Arid Region

为筛选渭北旱作区主栽小麦品种的适宜种植密度,设置梯度种植密度试验,分析不同种植密度下‘,铜麦6号’‘、长航一号’2个小麦品种的生育时期、群体性状及产量和产量构成因素的表现。结果显示:种植密度对小麦生育时期无明显影响;随种植密度增加,小麦成穗率先增后降,330×104株/hm^2时成穗率最高;4个种植密度对小麦穗数影响明显,对千粒重无显著影响‘;铜麦6号’在种植密度为330×104株/hm^2时产量最高,达4389.50 kg/hm^2‘,长航一号’在种植密度为390×104株/hm^2时产量最高,达4531.20 kg/hm^2,但270×104～390×104株/hm^2种植密度下,各小麦品种间产量均没有达到显著差异(P>0.05)。在本试验条件下,结合生育时期、成穗率、产量及产量构成因素表现,揭示330×104株/hm^2是2个小麦品种在渭北旱作区最适宜的种植密度。

To screen suitable planting density of major wheat cultivars in Weibei arid region,experiments were carried out using ’Tongmai-6’ and ’Changhang-1’ as experiment materials,to determine the effect of varied planting density on the growth stage,population traits,yield and yield components.The results indicated that there was no significant effect of planting density on wheat growth stage;with the increase of planting density,the spike rate showed an upward trend at first and then decreased,and reached the highest at 330×104 plant/hm^2;the effect of planting density on spike number was obvious,but that on 1000-grain weight was not significant.’Tongmai-6’ showed the maximum yield(4389.50 kg/hm^2) at the planting density of 330×104 plant/hm^2,while the yield of ’Changhang-1’ reached its maximum(4531.20 kg/hm^2) at the planting density of 390×104 plant/hm^2.However,no significant difference was observed when the planting density ranged from 270×104 to 390×104 plant/hm^2(P>0.05).Taking all into consideration,our research results suggest that the planting density of 330×104 plant/hm^2 is an optimal one for the two wheat cultivars in Weibei arid region.