海岛棉枯萎病病原菌分离及室内药剂筛选

Pathogen Isolation of Fusarium Wilt of Island Cotton and Indoor Fungicides Screening

旨在筛选出能有效防治棉花枯萎病的化学药剂,减少农户用药盲目性,提高病害防治水平,增强新疆棉花的经济效益。通过分离纯化、柯赫氏法则和序列分析鉴定4株棉花枯萎病病原菌菌株,并选取4种杀菌剂1000亿/g枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂、8%宁南霉素水剂、0.3%四霉素水剂、80%代森锰锌可湿性粉剂,分别对编号为DD64、DD89、DD11和DD22病原菌菌株进行防治药剂室内毒力测定。经鉴定,4株病原菌菌株均为强致病性菌株。结果表明,北疆地区DD64和DD89菌株经测定,1000亿/g枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂抑菌率最好,为96.47%和95.29%,四霉素次之。南疆地区DD11和DD22菌株经测定,0.3%四霉素水剂抑菌效果最理想,为97.91%和99.35%,其次是1000亿/g枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂。在DD64和DD89毒力测定时发现,8%宁南霉素水剂毒力最强,EC50值为0.044 mg/L和0.046 mg/L。在生产上建议病害发生初期使用0.3%四霉素水剂,以防止病害的扩展和蔓延,1000亿/g枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂和8%宁南霉素水剂可作为轮换药剂对该类病害进行有效防治。

The aims are to screen out the chemicals that can effectively control cotton wilt,reduce blindness of farmers’medication,improve control level of the disease,and enhance economic benefits of cotton in Xinjiang.4 strains with cotton wilt pathogen were identified by separation and purification,Koch’s postulate and sequence analysis.4 fungicides 100 billion/g Bacillus subtilis WP,8%Ningnanmycin AS,0.3%Tetramycin AS,80%mancozeb WP were selected to detect the toxicity for DD64,DD89,DD11 and DD22 pathogenic strains.It was identified that the 4 pathogenic strains were strong pathogenic strains.The results showed that for the DD64 and DD89 in northern Xinjiang,the inhibitory rate of 100 billion/g Bacillus subtilis WP was the best,96.47%and 95.29%,respectively,followed by 0.3%Tetramycin AS.For the DD11 and DD22 strains in southern Xinjiang,the antibacterial effect of 0.3%Tetramycin AS was the best,97.91%and 99.35%,respectively,followed by100 billion/g Bacillus subtilis WP.In the toxicity determination of DD64 and DD89,the 8%Ningnanmycin AS had the strongest virulence,and the EC50 values were 0.044 mg/L and 0.046 mg/L,respectively.In production,0.3%Tetramycin AS is recommended to prevent the expansion and spread of the disease in the early stage.100 billion/g Bacillus subtilis WP and 8%Ningnanmycin AS could be used as rotation agents to effectively control the disease.