株行距配置对苏打盐碱地水稻产量形成及稻米品质的影响

Plant Spacing Configuration: Effects on Yield Formation and Grain Quality in Saline-Alkali Paddy Field

旨在优化出适合盐碱水田水稻种植的群体结构,提高水稻产量。以‘吉粳809’为材料,试验采取裂区设计,研究不同群体结构对水稻农艺性状及稻米外观品质、碾米品质和蒸煮品质的影响。结果表明:A3B2处理的产量、一次枝梗实粒数、二次枝梗实粒数和总粒数分别比对照A4B3增加31.4%、16.1%、18.9%和6.3%,有效穗数和株高分别比对照A4B3减少24.5%,4.5%。行距和株距的互作效应对产量和有效穗数有显著影响,对总粒数、实粒数和千粒重影响不显著。不同行距间,株距间对产量、总粒数和实粒数影响不显著,对有效穗数影响显著。A3B2处理条件下整精米率高于对照处理。随着行距和株距的增加,稻米的垩白度和垩白粒率降低,对蛋白质和直链淀粉影响较小,变化范围分别在6.54%～7.16%,17.2%～19.3%。

To optimize the population structure of rice planting in saline-alkali paddy field, and improve the yield of rice,‘Jijing 809’was used as the material, split-plot experiment design was carried out, and the effects of different population structures on the agronomic characters and the appearance quality, milling quality and cooking quality of rice grain were studied. The results showed that: the yield, the grain number of the first branch, the grain number of the secondary branch and the total grain number per panicle of A3 B2 treatment increased by 31.4%, 16.1%, 18.9% and 6.3% compared with the control A4B3. The effective panicles and plant height decreased by 24.5% and 4.5% compared with the control A4 B3. The interaction among planting and row spacing had significant effect on yield and effective panicles, and had no significant effect on the total grain number, the filled grain number and 1000-grain weight. Different planting and row spacing had no significant effect on yield, the total grain number and the filled grain number, and had significant effect on effective panicles. The head rice rate of A3 B2 was higher than that of the control. With the increasing of row spacing and plant spacing, the degree of chalkiness and rate of chalky grains decreased,which had less effect on protein and amylose, and the variation ranges was 6.54% to 7.16%, and 17.2% to19.3%, respectively.