不同种源地乐东拟单性木兰种子的形态特征及萌发特性研究

Morphological and Germination Characteristics of Parakmeria lotungensis Seeds from Different Provenances

为研究乐东拟单性木兰种子的形态特征和种子的发芽率在不同种源间的差异,选取湖南新宁、福建武夷山的乐东拟单性木兰种子作为研究材料,测定果实和种子的纵、横径、千粒重、含水量、果实的出种率等指标,并通过种子发芽试验,分析不同种源地种子的发芽率及幼苗生长情况。结果表明:新宁果实的出种率为19.8%,武夷山果实的出种率为12%;新宁种子纵径9.81 mm,横径7.57 mm,千粒重156.28 g,含水量11.1%;武夷山种子纵径7.04 mm,横径6.61 mm,千粒重111.38 g,含水量8.46%;新宁种子发芽率为87%,武夷山种子发芽率为82%;新宁幼苗株高为9.17 cm、地径为2.31 mm,武夷山幼苗株高为6.23 cm、地径为2.0 mm。方差分析表明,不同种源间种子纵、横径、果实出种率、千粒重、含水量有极显著差异;不同种源间种子的发芽率、幼苗株高、地径生长量有显著差异,发芽率与种子形态特征呈正相关。说明种子的形态特征影响种子的萌发特性,相对较大的种子出种率较高,发芽率较大,幼苗的生长量也较大。

Using seeds of Parakmeria lotungensis from Xinning Hunan and Wuyishan Fujian as research materials,we measured the longitudinal and transverse diameter,thousand seed weight,water content of seeds,and the seed percentage of fruits.Through seed germination experiments,we analyzed the germination rate and seedling growth,and clarified the difference of morphological characteristics and germination rate between seeds from different provenances.Results showed that:the seed percentage was 19.8%of Xinning fruits,and was 12%of Wuyishan fruits.The longitudinal diameter of Xinning seeds was 9.81 mm,the transverse diameter was 7.57 mm,the thousand-kernel-weight(TKW)was 156.28 g,and the water content was 11.1%.The longitudinal diameter of Wuyishan seeds was 7.04 mm,the transverse diameter was 6.61 mm,the thousandkernel-weight(TKW)was 111.38 g,and the water content was 8.46%.The germination rate of Xining seeds and Wuyishan seeds was 87%,and 82%,respectively.The seedling height of Xining was 9.17 cm,and the ground diameters was 2.31 mm.The seedling height of Wuyishan was 6.23 cm,and the ground diameter was2.0 mm.Variance analysis showed that:there were significant differences of the longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter,seed percentage,thousand-kernel-weight(TKW)and water content of seeds from different provenances.There were significant differences of the germination rate of seeds,height and ground diameter of seedling between seeds from different provenances.The germination rate and morphological characteristics were positively correlated,indicating that the morphological characteristics affect the germination characteristics of the seeds,the lager the seed,the higher the seed percentage and the germination rate,and the greater the seedling growth.