颗粒组成变化对粘质盐土含盐量和小麦生长的影响

Changes in Particle Composition Affect Salt Content and Wheat Growth in Clay Saline Soil

为了研究引黄泥沙对土壤含盐量和冬小麦生长的影响,在滨海粘质盐土区进行了配沙(0 kg/m^2(CK)、10 kg/m^2(NS1)和20 kg/m^2(NS2))改良试验,分析了土壤含盐量、土壤水盐动态、冬小麦生长及产量等指标变化。结果表明:引黄泥沙与粘质盐土的颗粒组成差异明显,泥沙中极细沙粒可调控粘质盐土的颗粒组成。土壤含盐量随配沙量的增加而降低:春季NS1和NS2处理0～20 cm土壤含盐量分别比CK下降了45.88%和60.43%,秋季分别下降了9.32%和44.46%。与CK相比,NS1和NS2的冬小麦冬前分蘖、株高、地上部生物量和冬小麦产量均极显著(P<0.01)增加,NS1和NS2的冬小麦产量比CK分别增加32.98%和62.63%。因此,利用引黄泥沙调控粘质盐土的颗粒组成,可有效降低粘质盐土的土壤含盐量,对冬小麦的生长和产量具有十分明显的促进作用。

To study the effect of sediment reclamation of Yellow River on soil salt content and the growth of winter wheat,we carried out a sand-addition experiment[0 kg/m^2(CK),10 kg/m^2(NS1)and 20 kg/m^2(NS2)]in the coastal saline soil area,and analyzed the changes of soil salt content,soil water and salt dynamics,the growth and yield of winter wheat and other indicators.The results showed that:the particle composition of the Yellow River sediment and the clay saline soil were obviously different,and the fine sand particles in the Yellow River sediment could regulate the particle composition of the clay saline soil;furthermore,the soil salt content decreased with the increasing amount of sediment:compared with CK,the salt content of 0-20 cm layer under NS1 and NS2 was reduced by 45.88%and 60.43%in spring and decreased by 9.32%and 44.46%in autumn;compared with CK,the winter wheat tiller,plant height,shoot biomass and winter wheat yield under NS1 and NS2 were significantly increased(P<0.01),the winter wheat yield of NS1 and NS2 increased by32.98%and 62.63%,respectively.Therefore,Yellow River sediment can effectively regulate the particle composition of clay saline soil,reduce soil salt content,and promote growth as well as crop yield of winter wheat.