高产优质小麦新品种‘石优20号’选育及应用

The New Wheat Variety 'Shiyou 20' with High Yield and High Quality:Breeding and Application

为选育出高产稳产、品质优异,抗逆性强、适应性广小麦新品种,以‘冀935-352’为母本,‘济南17’为父本进行杂交;采用在不同土质和生产条件下异地交替定向选择。在高肥条件下,前期足水供应,促营养体充分发育,后期干旱胁迫,在逆境条件下筛选生产能力强的个体以提高品种的抗旱性、节水性、抗逆性、适应性等;选种方向上注重选择产量因素协调的个体;高代品系采用跨区域多点风土适应性鉴定筛选的方法,使高产稳产与抗逆广适达到高度结合;同时,从F3代进行实验室品质同步选择。成功选育出小麦新品种‘石优20号’。该品种集高产、优质、抗旱、耐瘠、节水等特点于一体,于2009年通过河北省优质组审定,2011年又通过了国家审定。其遗传基础丰富、性状良好,可作为高产优质种质利用。

The objective is to breed new wheat variety with high and stable yield,fine quality,strong resistance and wide adaptability.The hybridization test with female parent‘Ji 935-352’and male parent‘Jinan 17’was conducted.The artificial alternate selection was done in different places where soil and production conditions were different.Under the condition of sufficient fertilizer,the wheat were supplied with sufficient water at the early stage to promote the vegetative growth,and then the wheat were grown under drought stress at the later stage for screening high production capacity materials to improve the drought resistance,water saving,stress resistance and adaptability.The selection was focused on the individuals with excellent coordination of production factors.The high-yield lines were identified and screened by cross-regional and multi-point adaptability screening method to select the variety with high and stable yield combining with stress resistance and wide adaptability.At the same time,the quality selection was conducted in the laboratory from F3 generation.A new wheat variety‘Shiyou 20’was bred successfully.‘Shiyou 20’with high yield,high quality,drought resistance,fertilizer tolerance and water saving was authorized by Hebei Provincial Variety Approval Committee in 2009,and then it was authorized by National Variety Approval Committee in 2011.‘Shiyou20’has rich genetic basis and good traits,thus it can be used as high yield and high quality germplasm.