基于“3414”模型的‘冈杂棉0623’肥料效应研究

Fertilizer Effect of ‘Gangzamian 0623’ Based on “3414” Model

为探究自育棉花品种‘冈杂棉0623’肥料效应及合理的施肥方法,加快‘冈杂棉0623’的推广。本研究采用'3414'肥料模型进行试验,其中两水平推荐氮、磷、钾肥施用量分别为300、150、300 kg/hm^2。比较棉花产量构成因素发现各施肥处理高于对照,其中N2P2K2处理各性状表现最佳;各个处理产量较对照均有所增加,随着施肥量增加产量有所增加,但是施肥量3水平条件下,产量较2水平有所下降;对各处理经济效益进行比较分析,施肥处理经济效益较对照要高,其中N2P2K2经济效益最高为14768.76元/hm^2。结合施肥量、产量及经济效益综合分析,发现要获得高产,高收益要合理施肥,平衡NPK肥施用量。在鄂东棉区推广‘冈杂棉0623’,建议施肥量为:氮肥施用量150~200 kg/hm^2,磷肥施用量90~100 kg/hm^2,钾肥施用量为150~200 kg/hm^2。

To explore the fertilizer effect of cotton variety‘Gangzamian 0623’and the reasonable fertilization method,and accelerate the popularization of‘Gangzamian 0623’,based on the‘3414’fertilizer experiment model,two levels of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)fertilizers were recommended as 300,150 and 300 kg/hm^2,respectively.The fertilizer treatments were better than the control by comparing the yield components of cotton.N2 P2 K2 treatment showed the best performance.The yield of each treatment increased compared with the control,and the yield increased with the increasing of fertilizer rate.However,under the fertilizer treatment level three,the yield was lower than that under level two.The economic benefit of each treatment were compared and analyzed.The economic benefits of fertilizer treatments were higher than that of the control and N2 P2 K2 had the highest economic benefit,which was 14768.76 yuan/hm^2.Based on the comprehensive analysis of the fertilizer rate,yield and economic benefits,it is found that the rational NPK fertilizer and the balanced fertilization are necessary to obtain the high yield and high economic benefits.In eastern Hubei Province,the fertilizer rate of‘Gangzamian 0623’is recommended as follows:N fertilizer 150-200 kg/hm^2,P fertilizer 90-100 kg/hm^2,K fertilizer 150-200 kg/hm^2.