麻地膜对烤烟生长发育及产质量影响

Effect of Bast-fiber Film Mulching on Growth, Yield and Quality of Tobacco

为探索麻地膜在烤烟种植上的应用,设置麻地膜、无膜和塑料地膜大田试验,研究麻地膜对烟田土壤温湿度、烟株生长发育及产质量影响。结果表明:土壤平均温度塑料地膜>麻地膜>无膜,但塑料地膜土壤温度波动较大,麻地膜土壤温度变化相对缓和;麻地膜较塑料地膜提高了土壤含水量;生育前期麻地膜长势弱于塑料地膜,至成熟期麻地膜长势超过塑料地膜;麻地膜烟叶产量和产值分别较塑料地膜提高了6.5%和11.3%,较无膜分别提高了11.0%和25.3%,麻地膜中上等烟比例较塑膜和无膜分别提高了4.1个百分点和9.8个百分点;麻地膜提高了烟叶钾含量,降低了烟叶氯含量,总体化学成分协调性好于塑膜和无膜。麻地膜在保温性上强于无膜,在集雨性能上优于塑料地膜;麻地膜覆盖有利于提高烟叶产量和质量。

To explore the application of bast-fiber film in tobacco planting,a field trial was conducted with different films(bast-fiber film,no film and polythene film).The effects of bast-fiber film mulching on soil temperature,soil water content,flue-cured tobacco growth,tobacco leaf yield and quality were studied.The results showed that the soil average temperature under bast-fiber film mulching was less than that under polythene film mulching and more than that of no film mulching,and the soil temperature fluctuation of polythene film mulching was wild,but that of bast-fiber film mulching was small.The bast-fiber film mulching improved the soil water content.In early stage,the tobacco growth under bast-fiber film mulching was worse than that under polythene film mulching,just the contrary in maturity stage.The tobacco leaf yield of bastfiber film mulching increased by 6.5%and 11.3%,and the tobacco leaf output value increased by 11.0%and25.3%compared with those of polythene film mulching and no film mulching,respectively.The rate of medium-superior tobacco of bast-fiber film mulching rose up by 4.1 and 9.8 percentage points compared with those of polythene film mulching and no film mulching.The tobacco leaf had higher potassium concentration,lower chlorine concentration and better chemical composition coordination with bast-fiber film mulching than that with polythene film mulching and no film mulching.So the bast-fiber film mulching has better thermal insulation than no film mulching,and better rainwater collection than polythene film mulching,it can increase tobacco leaf yield and improve leaf quality.