播种前土壤喷施复合营养剂对冬小麦农艺性状及产量的影响

Spraying Compound Nutrient on Soil at Pre-sowing Affects Agronomic Characters and Yield of Winter Wheat

研究旨在探讨小麦播种前土壤喷施微生物复合营养剂‘赛土丰’对小麦植株生长和产量提高的调控效应,以期为促进植株生长发育、提高产量调控技术的研究提供参考。试验于2016—2017年进行田间试验,试验品种‘郑麦379’,设置空白不施肥(处理1)、清水(处理2,常规施肥)、‘赛土丰’复合营养剂(处理3,常规施肥),于生长期调查株高、次生根、叶色、病虫害等农艺性状指标,于成熟期考察其产量及产量构成因素各指标。结果表明:在小麦播种前土壤喷施‘赛土丰’微生物复合营养剂对小麦植株茎高、病虫害防御起一定的积极作用,尤其对小麦植株根的发育作用效果甚大。通过对产量及产量构成因素进一步分析发现,与处理2叶面喷施清水相比,两试验地的喷施‘赛土丰’处理3在成穗数、穗粒数上有所提高,但幅度不明显,然而在千粒重和产量上分别提高了13.09%、12.44%和4.67%、4.64%,提高幅度较为明显。综上说明,在冬小麦播种前土壤喷施‘赛土丰’微生物复合营养剂主要是通过提高小麦粒重来提高产量,且效果显著。

To study the regulation effect of spraying biological micro-fertilizer‘Saitufeng’on plant growth and yield improvement at pre-sowing stage,field experiments were conducted during 2016 to 2017.The experiment involved the wheat cultivar‘Zhengmai379’and three treatments:blank control(T1),water(T2),‘Saitufeng’(T3).The agronomic characters such as plant height,the number of secondary root,leaf color,diseases and insect pests were recorded during the growth stage and the yield and yield components were examined at maturity stage.The results showed that‘Saitufeng’played an active role in increasing stem height,and protecting wheat plants from diseases and insect pests,especially promoting the development of root.Further analysis found that,compared with the treatment of water,the thousand grain weights and grain yields of‘Saitufeng’treatment in two experimental sites increased significantly by 13.09%,12.44%and4.67%,4.64%,respectively.The spike number and grain number increased but not significantly.Thus,spraying‘Saitufeng’on soil at pre-sowing could improve the yield by increasing the grain weight,and the effect is obvious.