湖泊生态修复技术研究进展

Ecological Restoration Technology of Lakes:Research Progress

湖泊生态系统因污染而退化是中国湖泊面临的长期性问题,湖泊生态修复(Ecological Restoration)技术至关重要,笔者综合分析了国内外现有的湖泊生态修复技术,探寻今后湖泊生态修复的主要方向。通过讨论分析湖泊生态系统退化的机理以及形式,总结出湖泊富营养化、湖滨带退化、生物多样性降低3种最为常见且问题最严重的退化形式,针对这3种退化形式分别探讨不同的生态修复技术,总结了生态修复的原理和原则,讨论分析了不同生态修复技术的优劣;综合讨论不同生态修复技术的优点和缺陷以及研究进展。最后对湖泊生态修复工程的结构和注意事项提出了个人的建议,为以后湖泊生态修复实践提供了理论基础。

The degradation of lake ecosystem due to pollution is a long-term problem faced by China.Therefore,the ecological restoration technology of lakes is very important.To explore the main direction of lake ecological restoration technology in the future,the existing lake ecological restoration technologies at home and abroad were comprehensively analyzed.The three most common and most problematic forms of degradation,such as lake eutrophication,lakeside degradation and reduced biodiversity,were summarized and discussed by analyzing the mechanisms and forms of lake ecosystem degradation.Different ecological restoration techniques were discussed for these three types of degradation,the principles and guidelines of ecological restoration were summarized,and the advantages and disadvantages of different ecological restoration techniques were discussed.Finally,we put forward suggestions on the structure of the lake ecological restoration project and matters needing attention,which can provide a basis for the future ecological restoration of lakes.