2016年台州市居民慢性病相关行为危险因素流行现状调查

Risk factors of noncommunicable disease behaviors among residents of Taizhou City in 2016

目的掌握浙江省台州市居民慢性病主要行为危险因素的分布和流行情况,为制定台州市居民慢性病防控策略提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法抽取30个社区827名≥15岁常住户口居民进行问卷调查。结果调查人群超重率和肥胖率分别为27. 2%和7. 0%,男、女性超重肥胖率分别为32. 7%和35. 4%。吸烟率为25. 2%,男性为58. 3%,女性为0. 2%,男性高于女性(χ~2=363. 582,P <0. 05)。被动吸烟率为43. 2%,男性为43. 7%,女性为43. 1%。饮酒率为25. 6%,男性为48. 5%,女性为8. 5%,男性高于女性(χ~2=169. 850,P <0. 05)。规律锻炼率为14. 5%,男性为11. 8%,女性为16. 5%。高糖、高脂和高盐饮食率分别为17. 8%、17. 8%和28. 9%。自报高血压、高血脂和糖尿病患病率分别为24. 8%、8. 7%和8. 9%。高血压、高血脂和糖尿病健康知识的知晓率不高。结论台州市居民烟草暴露、不合理膳食、超重肥胖、身体活动不足等慢性病行为危险因素普遍存在,应积极采取相应的行为干预措施,控制危险因素以减少慢性病的发生。

Objective To explore the distribution and prevalence of major behavioral risk factors for noncommunicable diseases(NCDs)among residents in Taizhou City,and to providescientific reference for NCDs prevention and control strategies.Methods A multi-stage random sampling method was used to select 827 residents aged≥15 years old in 30 communities for questionnaire survey.Results The overweight rate and obesity rate of the respondents were 27.2%and 7.0%,respectively.The overweight and obesity rates were 32.7%in males and35.4%in females.The smoking rate was 25.2%,and the rate of males(58.3%)was statistically higher than that of females(0.2%)(χ~2=363.582,P<0.05).The passive smoking rate was 43.2%(male 43.7%;female 43.1%).The alcohol drinking rate was 25.6%,and the rate of males(48.5%)was statistically higher than that of females(8.5%)(χ~2=169.850,P<0.05).The regular exercise rate was 14.5%(male 11.8%;female 16.5%).The rates of high sugar,fat and salt diet were 17.8%,17.8%and 28.9%,respectively.The prevalence rates of self-reported hypertension,hyperlipidemia and diabetes were 24.8%,8.7%and 8.9%,respectively.The awareness of hypertension,hyperlipidemia and diabetes health knowledge was low.Conclusions The risk factors of NCDs such as tobacco exposure,irrational diet,overweight and obesity,and physical inactivity were widespread among residents of Taizhou City.Relevant behavioral intervention measures should be taken to control risk factors to reduce the incidence of NCDs.