略论明代社会保障政策实施中的弊端

Malpractice in the enforcement of social security policies in the Ming Dynasty

明代社会保障政策主要由荒政、养老、存恤孤贫以及优抚军人等方面组成。其社会保障政策在实施过程中出现了许多弊端 ,诸如救荒政策不力、养老政策受惠者极少、养济院经营奸弊百出及优抚将士差距甚殊等 ,导致了明末社会严重的流民问题。

Social security policies in the Ming Dynasty's mainly refers to sending relief to the famine areas, supporting the aged,and consoling bachelors, widows, the poor and the disabled people, and giving preferential treatment to the officers and the soldiers. However, malpractices arose in the enforcement of the social security policies, such as inefficiency in relieving famine areas,few of the aged supported corruption in the management of relief houses, and disparity among the consoled offices and soldiers, and so on. The paper reveals the incompleteness of social security policies and the underlying causes for the change of the regime in the Ming Dynasty.