中美技术合作视角下的中国作物改良计划(1925-1931)（英文）

The Plant Improvement Project Conducted by the University of Nanking and Cornell University From the Perspective of US-China Technological Cooperation(1925-1931)

1925年,金陵大学邀请康奈尔大学的洛夫教授来中国订立了一项五年期的作物改良合作计划。从1925年至1931年间,康大的洛夫、马雅斯、韦根斯三位作物育种学教授共计来南京六次合作实施这项作物改良计划。计划中金大与康大作物育种人员协力合作,选育了包括小麦、大麦、高粱、玉米和棉花等大量高产抗病的作物品种,推广应用,赈灾济民。同时,合作计划也训练了一批专业的作物育种和推广人员,以继续推进中国的农学事业现代化。作为近代历史上中美首次系统性的作物育种合作项目,该计划为中国农业第一次带来了先进的科研、教育、推广三结合的科技合作模式,在推动中国农业近代化历程中的成功意义和国际影响值得高度关注。

In 1925, Professor Harry H. Love of Cornell University was invited to the University of Nanking to lead a five-year cooperation program of crop improvement called the Plant Improvement Project(PIP). From 1925 to 1931 Professor Harry H. Love, C. H. Myers, and R. G. Wiggans came to China to implement the PIP. With the joint efforts of specialists both from Cornell University and the University of Nanking, many highyielding crop varieties, including wheat, barley, sorghum, corn, and cotton, were bred and distributed to farmers to improve production and fight hunger. At the same time, they trained a professional group of crop breeders and extension workers to further China’s modernization of agricultural technology after the PIP was ended in 1931. As the first systematic cooperative crop breeding program between China and the United States, the PIP brought a new technological cooperative model of 'integration of agricultural research, education and extension' for China. The PIP’s successful significance and international influence on the agricultural modernization in China demand more scholarly attention.