华洋冲突下的制度演进——略论民初全国水利局的建立

Diplomatic Collision and Conservancy Evolution:On the Establishment of the National Conservancy Bureau in the Early Republican China

20世纪初,苏皖沿淮地区水灾频发,美国工程师詹美生受美国红十字会委托赴华勘察灾区。根据詹美生的调查报告,美国政府初步形成向中国提供导淮借款,以减轻苏皖水患的意向。詹美生以此谋求导淮总工程师职位,然因其学识、人品不为张謇所信任而遭到抵制,从而引发外交冲突。在解决双方冲突的过程中,全国水利局得以建立。

In the early of the 20 th century, Jiangsu and Anhui provinces were hit by floods along the Huai river. American engineer C. D. Jameson was commissioned by the American Red Cross to visit China to investigate the disaster area. According to Jameson’s survey report, the U.S. government initially formed a loan guide to China to ease the situation in the lower reaches of the river. Jameson sought the position of the Chief Engineer of the Huai conservancy, but he was boycotted because of his knowledge and his character not being trusted by Zhang Jian. This led to conflicts. In the process of resolving the conflict, they promoted the evolution of the water conservancy agency from the Huai Conservancy Bureau to the National Water Conservancy Bureau.