福州船政前学堂技术教育之再探讨

Further Research on the Technical Education of the French School of the Foochow Navy Yard

晚清自强运动中设立的福州船政,是中国近代第一个技术教育机构。其下所属的前学堂,是中国对于技术教育体制化的最初尝试。作为一所兼具儒家文化特色的法国式技术学校,船政前学堂的制度和课程由法国顾问设计,他们将法国的'综合理工体系'进行压缩,以适用于对中国学生的培养。然而,船政作为一个孤立的机构,它并不具备法国技术教育赖以存在的军事、工业和教育相连接的环境,因此它只能移植法国的学校制度,却无法从根本上改变当时的中国。

The Foochow Navy Yard,established during the late 19 th century Self-Strengthening Movement,was the first institution for technical education in modern China.Its attached French School was the earliest attempt at institutionalization of technical education.As a French technical school,its regulations and courses were designed by French advisors,who had condensed the système polytechnicien to accommodate the Chinese students.However,unlike its counterparts in France,the isolated school was not embedded in an environment where military,industry and education were interconnected.Therefore,it could only transplant the academic regulations without bringing forth substantial changes in the Chinese context.