公平分配:马拉松生命周期分析框架

Equitable Distribution: Analysis Framework of the Marathon Life Cycle

公平分配是人类社会长久以来追求的价值取向,也是政府开展公共管理和公共服务的原则之一。通过对分配主义、社会契约论、功利主义、自由主义等几种公平分配思想的回顾与述评,按照作者提出的马拉松生命周期的分析框架,不公平的分配状态可以归因于竞争能力的差距,而能力的差距主要由消费差距导致。在具体政策选择上,以扩大消费缩小能力差距为手段,具体工具包括收入调节政策、消费保障政策和能力形成政策三个方面,努力创造机会均等的社会环境以期实现效率与公平统一基础上的公平分配格局。

By reviewing such doctrines as distributionism, social contract theory, utilitarianism and liberalism, the theory of marathon life cycle is proposed as an analytical framework for the study of equitable distribution policies. The study believes that the unfair distribution status can be attributed to the gap in competitive capabilities that in turn is caused mainly by the gap in consumption. On a policy level, the Authority can create an opportunity-for-all environment, strike a balance between efficiency and fairness, and achieve equitable distribution by expanding consumption yet narrowing down competitive capabilities, i.e. income redistribution policies, consumption guarantee policies and competitive capabilities cultivation policies.